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$isNumber (aggregation)

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  • Definition
  • Example
$isNumber

$isNumber checks if the specified expression resolves to one of the following numeric BSON types:

$isNumber returns:

  • true if the expression resolves to a number.

  • false if the expression resolves to any other BSON type, null, or a missing field.

$isNumber has the following operator expression syntax:

{ $isNumber: <expression> }

The argument can be any valid expression.

Tip

See also:

Issue the following operation against the examples.sensors collection to populate test data:

db.getSiblingDB("examples").sensors.insertMany([
{ "_id" : 1, "reading" : NumberDecimal(26.0) },
{ "_id" : 2, "reading" : NumberLong(25.0) },
{ "_id" : 3, "reading" : NumberInt(24) },
{ "_id" : 4, "reading" : 24.0 },
{ "_id" : 5, "reading" : "24" },
{ "_id" : 6, "reading" : [ NumberDecimal(26) ]}
])

The following aggregation uses the $addFields aggregation stage to add the following fields to each document:

  • isNumber - Indicates whether the value of reading is an integer, decimal, double, or long.

  • type - Indicates the BSON type of reading.

db.sensors.aggregate([{
$addFields : {
"isNumber" : { $isNumber : "$reading" },
"hasType" : {$type : "$reading"}
}
}])

The aggregation operation returns the following results:

{ "_id" : 1, "reading" : NumberDecimal("26.0000000000000"), "isNum " : true, "type" : "decimal" }
{ "_id" : 2, "reading" : NumberLong(25), "isNum " : true, "type" : "long" }
{ "_id" : 3, "reading" : 24, "isNum " : true, "type" : "int" }
{ "_id" : 4, "reading" : 24, "isNum " : true, "type" : "double" }
{ "_id" : 5, "reading" : "24", "isNum " : false, "type" : "string" }
{ "_id" : 6, "reading" : [ NumberDecimal("26.0000000000000") ], "isNum " : false, "type" : "array" }

The grades collection contains data on student grades. The grade field may either store a string letter grade or a numeric point value.

db.getSiblingDB("examples").grades.insertMany([
{
"student_id" : 457864153,
"class_id" : "M044",
"class_desc" : "Introduction to MongoDB 4.4",
"grade" : "A"
},
{
"student_id" : 457864153,
"class_id" : "M103",
"class_desc" : "Basic Cluster Administration",
"grade" : 3.0
},
{
"student_id" : 978451637,
"class_id" : "M320",
"class_desc" : "MongoDB Data Modeling",
"grade" : "C"
},
{
"student_id" : 978451637,
"class_id" : "M001",
"class_desc" : "MongoDB Basics",
"grade" : 4.0
}
])

The following aggregation uses the $addFields stage to add a points field containing the numeric grade value for that course. The stage uses the $cond operator to set the value of points based on the output of $isNumber:

  • If true, grades already contains the numeric point value. Set points equal to grades.

  • If false, grades contains a string letter value. Use $switch to convert the letter grade to its equivalent point value and assign to points.

The aggregation pipeline then uses the $group stage to group on the student_id and calculate the student's average GPA.

db.getSiblingDB("examples").grades.aggregate([
{
$addFields: {
"points" : {
$cond : {
if : { $isNumber : "$grade" },
then: "$grade" ,
else: {
$switch : {
branches: [
{ case: {$eq : ["$grade" , "A"]}, then : 4.0 },
{ case: {$eq : ["$grade" , "B"]}, then : 3.0 },
{ case: {$eq : ["$grade" , "C"]}, then : 2.0 },
{ case: {$eq : ["$grade" , "D"]}, then : 1.0 },
{ case: {$eq : ["$grade" , "F"]}, then : 0.0 }
]
}
}
}
}
}
},
{
$group : {
_id : "$student_id",
GPA : {
$avg : "$points"
}
}
}
])

The aggregation pipeline outputs one document per unique student_id with that student's GPA grade point average:

{ "_id" : 457864153, "GPA" : 3.5 }
{ "_id" : 978451637, "GPA" : 3 }
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