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• Install MongoDB Community Edition on Red Hat Enterprise or CentOS Linux

Install MongoDB Community Edition on Red Hat Enterprise or CentOS Linux

Overview

Use this tutorial to install MongoDB Community Edition on Red Hat Enterprise Linux or CentOS Linux versions 6 and 7 using .rpm packages.

This installation guide only supports 64-bit systems. See Supported Platforms for more information.

Production Notes

Before deploying MongoDB in a production environment, consider the Production Notes document.

Packages

MongoDB provides officially supported packages in their own repository. This repository contains the following packages:

Package Name	Description
mongodb-org	A metapackage that will automatically install the four component packages listed below.
mongodb-org-server	Contains the mongod daemon, associated init script, and a configuration file (/etc/mongod.conf). You can use the initialization script to start mongod with the configuration file. For details, see Run MongoDB Community Edition.
mongodb-org-mongos	Contains the mongos daemon.
mongodb-org-shell	Contains the mongo shell.
mongodb-org-tools	Contains the following MongoDB tools: mongoimport bsondump, mongodump, mongoexport, mongofiles, mongorestore, mongostat, and mongotop.

Install MongoDB Community Edition

Note

To install a different version of MongoDB, please refer to that version’s documentation. To install the previous version, see the tutorial for version 3.6.

This installation guide only supports 64-bit systems. See Supported Platforms for more information.

Note

You can also spin up MongoDB on AWS, Azure, or GCP using Atlas, our fully-managed database-as-a-service. Atlas enables you to configure anything from a free sandbox environment to a globally sharded production cluster. Set up a free cluster now.

Using .rpm Packages (Recommended)

1

Configure the package management system (yum).

Create a /etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb-org-4.0.repo file so that you can install MongoDB directly using yum:

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[mongodb-org-4.0]
name=MongoDB Repository
baseurl=https://repo.mongodb.org/yum/redhat/$releasever/mongodb-org/4.0/x86_64/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-4.0.asc

Note

You can find .repo files for each release in the repository itself. Odd-numbered minor release versions (e.g. 3.5) are development versions and are unsuitable for production use.

2

Install the MongoDB packages.

To install the latest stable version of MongoDB, issue the following command:

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sudo yum install -y mongodb-org

To install a specific release of MongoDB, specify each component package individually and append the version number to the package name, as in the following example:

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sudo yum install -y mongodb-org-4.0.3 mongodb-org-server-4.0.3 mongodb-org-shell-4.0.3 mongodb-org-mongos-4.0.3 mongodb-org-tools-4.0.3

You can specify any available version of MongoDB. However yum upgrades the packages when a newer version becomes available. To prevent unintended upgrades, pin the package. To pin a package, add the following exclude directive to your /etc/yum.conf file:

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exclude=mongodb-org,mongodb-org-server,mongodb-org-shell,mongodb-org-mongos,mongodb-org-tools

Using Tarballs

Prerequisites

MongoDB .tar.gz tarballs require installing the following dependencies:

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yum install libcurl openssl

Procedure

1

Download the MongoDB .tar.gz tarball.

Download the tarball for your system from the MongoDB Download Center.

2

Extract the files from the downloaded archive.

For example, from a system shell, you can extract using the tar command:

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tar -zxvf mongodb-linux-*-4.0.3.tgz

3

Ensure the binaries are in a directory listed in your PATH environment variable.

The MongoDB binaries are in the bin/ directory of the tarball. You must either:

• Copy these binaries into a directory listed in your PATH variable such as /usr/local/bin,
• Create symbolic links to each of these binaries from a directory listed in your PATH variable, or
• Modify your user’s PATH environment variable to include this directory.

For example, you can add the following line to your shell’s initialization script (e.g. ~/.bashrc):

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export PATH=<mongodb-install-directory>/bin:$PATH

Replace <mongodb-install-directory> with the path to the extracted MongoDB archive.

Run MongoDB Community Edition

Prerequisites

Configure SELinux

Important

If you are using SELinux, you must configure SELinux to allow MongoDB to start on Red Hat Linux-based systems (Red Hat Enterprise Linux or CentOS Linux).

To configure SELinux, administrators have three options:

• If SELinux is in enforcing mode, enable access to the relevant ports that the MongoDB deployment will use (e.g. 27017). See Default MongoDB Port for more information on MongoDB’s default ports. For default settings, this can be accomplished by running

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  semanage port -a -t mongod_port_t -p tcp 27017
  

• Disable SELinux by setting the SELINUX setting to disabled in /etc/selinux/config.

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  SELINUX=disabled
  

  You must reboot the system for the changes to take effect.

• Set SELinux to permissive mode in /etc/selinux/config by setting the SELINUX setting to permissive.

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  SELINUX=permissive
  

  You must reboot the system for the changes to take effect.

  You can instead use setenforce to change to permissive mode. setenforce does not require a reboot but is not persistent.

Alternatively, you can choose not to install the SELinux packages when you are installing your Linux operating system, or choose to remove the relevant packages. This option is the most invasive and is not recommended.

Directories and Permissions

Warning

On RHEL 7.0, if you change the data path, the default SELinux policies will prevent mongod from having write access on the new data path if you do not change the security context.

By default, MongoDB instance stores:

• its data files in /var/lib/mongo
• its log files in /var/log/mongodb

If you installed via the package manager, the directories are created during the installation.

If you installed manually by downloading the tarballs, you can create the directories using mkdir -p <directory> or sudo mkdir -p <directory> depending on the user that will run MongoDB. (See your linux man pages for information on mkdir and sudo.)

By default, MongoDB runs using the mongod user account. If you change the user that runs the MongoDB process, you must also modify the permission to the /var/lib/mongo and /var/log/mongodb directories to give this user access to these directories.

To specify a different log file directory and data file directory, edit the systemLog.path and storage.dbPath settings in the /etc/mongod.conf. Ensure that the user running MongoDB has access to these directories.

ulimit

Most Unix-like operating systems limit the system resources that a session may use. These limits may negatively impact MongoDB operation. See UNIX ulimit Settings for more information.

Procedure

1

Start MongoDB.

You can start the mongod process by issuing the following command:

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sudo service mongod start

2

Verify that MongoDB has started successfully

You can verify that the mongod process has started successfully by checking the contents of the log file at /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log for a line reading

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[initandlisten] waiting for connections on port <port>

where <port> is the port configured in /etc/mongod.conf, 27017 by default.

You can optionally ensure that MongoDB will start following a system reboot by issuing the following command:

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sudo chkconfig mongod on

3

Stop MongoDB.

As needed, you can stop the mongod process by issuing the following command:

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sudo service mongod stop

4

Restart MongoDB.

You can restart the mongod process by issuing the following command:

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sudo service mongod restart

You can follow the state of the process for errors or important messages by watching the output in the /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log file.

5

Begin using MongoDB.

Start a mongo shell on the same host machine as the mongod. You can run the mongo shell without any command-line options to connect to a mongod that is running on your localhost with default port 27017:

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mongo

For more information on connecting using the mongo shell, such as to connect to a mongod instance running on a different host and/or port, see The mongo Shell.

To help you start using MongoDB, MongoDB provides Getting Started Guides in various driver editions. See Getting Started for the available editions.

Uninstall MongoDB Community Edition

To completely remove MongoDB from a system, you must remove the MongoDB applications themselves, the configuration files, and any directories containing data and logs. The following section guides you through the necessary steps.

Warning

This process will completely remove MongoDB, its configuration, and all databases. This process is not reversible, so ensure that all of your configuration and data is backed up before proceeding.

1

Stop MongoDB.

Stop the mongod process by issuing the following command:

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sudo service mongod stop

2

Remove Packages.

Remove any MongoDB packages that you had previously installed.

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sudo yum erase $(rpm -qa | grep mongodb-org)

3

Remove Data Directories.

Remove MongoDB databases and log files.

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sudo rm -r /var/log/mongodb
sudo rm -r /var/lib/mongo

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